Foreign Investor FeasibilityKBLI 51102
§ 01
Foreign investment rules
Indonesia's BUPM (Investment Business Fields) regulation places this code into one of five tracks. The track determines whether a foreign investor (PMA) can operate in this activity at all, and under what conditions.
Status · conditional
Foreign capital allowed up to 49%
49%
max foreign
KBLI 51102 permits foreign equity participation, but the maximum foreign shareholding is capped at 49%. The remaining shares must be held by Indonesian nationals or Indonesian-owned entities. Specific conditions for each sub-activity are listed below.
Listed restrictions
Conditional sub-activities
1- Domestic non-scheduled air transport49% max foreignForeign capital is a maximum of 49%, and the national capital owner must remain greater than the total foreign capital owners (single majority).
§ 02
Regulations governing KBLI 51102
Current status, what each regulation actually requires for this activity, and how it ties to the PB UMKU sector permits below. Click through for the plain-English summary.
- House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia
- President of the Republic of Indonesia
Full PB UMKU permit list tied below.
§ 03
How we handle your KBLI 51102 setup
Emerhub is a corporate-services provider in Indonesia. We do the legal and regulatory legwork for foreign investors so you can focus on the business itself. Here's what the engagement looks like.
- 1
Structure the shareholding to fit the 49% foreign-ownership cap
2–3 business daysKBLI 51102 caps foreign equity at 49%. We design a shareholding split that respects this cap while preserving your operational control — typically through a combination of voting/non-voting shares and a binding shareholders' agreement.
What we need from you- Founders' passport copies and proof of residence
- Intended share split and board composition
- 2
Incorporate your PT PMA
7–10 business daysWe draft the Articles of Association before a notary, register the entity with the Ministry of Law & Human Rights (Kemenkumham), and obtain the company's tax ID (NPWP). Under BKPM Reg. 5/2025, paid-up capital is IDR 2.5 billion (~USD 160K) — the cash actually deposited at incorporation. The IDR 10 billion+ figure many sources still cite is the total investment commitment per KBLI, realised over time via your LKPM reports.
Get an exact quote and timeline for KBLI 51102, scoped to your specific business plan.
Request a quote§ 06
Licensing requirements in detail
Specific permits, application requirements and ongoing obligations vary by business scale and the sub-activity within this KBLI. We file these on your behalf — this section is for transparency on what we'll be handling. Switch between scales below; by default we show Large (the PMA scale).
What's required to operate
NIB
Preparation only — additional permit needed below
Standard Certificate (Verified)
Important: NIB is issued for the preparation stage. To begin commercial operations, the operator must obtain a Sertifikat Standar that has been verified by the competent ministry. The verification step typically requires a site or document inspection. Operating with NIB alone is not legally compliant.
Processing time
7Days
Statutory turnaround
Application requirements
5Documents and capabilities you must demonstrate at registration
- 01A business plan document for a minimum period of 5 years ahead must at least include:
- 02Type and number of aircraft to be operated (characteristics and specifications of the aircraft, acquisition method, number of aircraft needed, utilization of the aircraft)
- 03Plan for the central aviation operation base and plan for the regional aviation operation.
- 04Plan for human resource needs consisting of management, technicians, and aircraft personnel.
- 05Economic and financial aspects
Ongoing obligations
8Compliance and reporting duties throughout operation
- 01Conduct air transportation activities within a maximum of 12 (twelve) months from the issuance of the business license by operating a minimum number of aircraft owned and controlled in accordance with the scope of the business or activity.
- 02Possess at least 1 (one) aircraft unit and other aircraft in the form of ownership with types that support the continuity of flight operations according to the served operational area.
- 03Comply with mandatory transport regulations, civil aviation, and other provisions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
- 04Close liability insurance for the carrier with a coverage value equal to the compensation for passengers and cargo of commercial air transport, evidenced by an insurance closure agreement.
- 05Serve prospective passengers fairly without discrimination based on ethnicity, religion, race, inter-group relations, and economic and social status.
- 06Submit the air transportation activity report every month no later than the 10th (tenth) of the following month to the minister.
- 07Submit audited financial performance reports by a registered public accounting firm, which at a minimum include the balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, and cost details, annually by the end of April of the following year to the Minister.
- 08Report any changes in the person responsible or the owner of the commercial air transport business, the domicile of the commercial air transport business, and the ownership of aircraft to the Minister.
Issuing authority
The authority that issues the license depends on your situation.
| Authority | Applies when |
|---|---|
| Minister/Head of Agency | The operational scope is national and/or international. |
| Minister/Head of Agency | Foreign Investment |
§ 05
Auxiliary permits (PB UMKU)
PB UMKU permits sit on top of the main NIB and Sertifikat Standar — each is issued by a different ministry, and only when a specific operational activity is performed. This KBLI carries 2 candidate permits across 1 regulator; most operations only need a handful. Emerhub maps your operation to the exact set, files them, and tracks renewals.
Transportation
2 permitsMinistry of Transportation. Applies to commercial passenger or freight transport — road, sea, air, rail, freight forwarding, port and airport operations. Each vehicle, route, or terminal often needs its own standard certificate; expansion triggers re-certification.
- Air Operator Certificate (AOC)Sertifikat Operator Pesawat Udara (Air Operator Certificate/ AOC)20 requirements5 obligations
- Remotely Piloted Aircraft Operator Certificate (ROC)Sertifikat Operator pesawat udara tanpa awak (Remotely Piloted Aircraft Operator Certificate/ROC)13 requirements5 obligations
Speak to Emerhub
Get your KBLI 51102 setup handled end-to-end.
Emerhub is a corporate-services provider in Indonesia. We handle PT PMA incorporation, licensing, tax registration and monthly compliance — so you focus on operating the business.