51102Domestic Non-Scheduled Air Transport for Passengers or Passengers and Cargo
Non-Scheduled Domestic Commercial Air Transport for Passengers or Passengers and Cargo
This group includes the transportation of passengers or passengers and cargo by aircraft from one airport to another within the territory of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia on irregular and non-scheduled flight routes, with fares that are agreed upon between the service provider and the users of air transportation and are not published.
Key facts for KBLI 51102
The essentials a foreign investor needs to know before reading the rest of this page.
Foreign capital capped at 49% — requires 51% Indonesian partner for any PT PMA registered under this KBLI. The Indonesian portion can be held by individuals or by an Indonesian-owned entity.
Default minimum paid-up capital: IDR 2.5 billion (~USD 160K) under BKPM Reg. 5/2025 (effective Oct 2025) — applies unless a sector regulator sets a higher figure for this activity. The often-cited IDR 10 billion is the total investment commitment per KBLI realised over time via quarterly LKPM reports, not required upfront.
Medium-high-risk activity — requires NIB + Standard Certificate (Verified) to operate commercially. NIB alone enables only the preparation stage; a Standard Certificate must be obtained before invoicing or production starts.
Statutory licensing turnaround: 7 days once we submit the application — on top of the 2–3 weeks for PT PMA incorporation. We coordinate the full sequence end-to-end.
Issuing authority for PMA: Menteri/Kepala Badan — specific to foreign-owned entities under this KBLI.
Ongoing reporting: quarterly LKPM (Investment Activity Report) to BKPM plus 7 sector-specific obligations. We file these on your behalf as part of monthly compliance — you stay out of the OSS portal entirely.
- Risk level
- Medium-HighNIB + verified cert.
- Primary license
- NIB + Standard Certificate (Verified)NIB enables preparation only — additional permit needed to operate
- Setup timeline
- 7 DaysStatutory turnaround at OSS
- Issuing authority
- Minister / Agency HeadFor foreign-owned (PMA) entities
- Min. paid-up capital
- IDR 2.5 BBKPM default paid-up — sector rules may set a higher figure
Foreign investment rules
Indonesia's BUPM (Investment Business Fields) regulation places this code into one of five tracks. The track determines whether a foreign investor (PMA) can operate in this activity at all, and under what conditions.
Foreign capital allowed up to 49%
KBLI 51102 permits foreign equity participation, but the maximum foreign shareholding is capped at 49%. The remaining shares must be held by Indonesian nationals or Indonesian-owned entities. Specific conditions for each sub-activity are listed below.
Conditional sub-activities
1- Domestic non-scheduled air transport49% max foreignForeign capital is a maximum of 49%, and the national capital owner must remain greater than the total foreign capital owners (single majority).
How we handle your KBLI 51102 setup
Emerhub is a corporate-services provider in Indonesia. We do the legal and regulatory legwork for foreign investors so you can focus on the business itself. Here's what the engagement looks like.
- 1
Structure the shareholding to fit the 49% foreign-ownership cap
2–3 business daysKBLI 51102 caps foreign equity at 49%. We design a shareholding split that respects this cap while preserving your operational control — typically through a combination of voting/non-voting shares and a binding shareholders' agreement.
What we need from you- Founders' passport copies and proof of residence
- Intended share split and board composition
- 2
Incorporate your PT PMA
7–10 business daysWe draft the Articles of Association before a notary, register the entity with the Ministry of Law & Human Rights (Kemenkumham), and obtain the company's tax ID (NPWP). Under BKPM Reg. 5/2025, paid-up capital is IDR 2.5 billion (~USD 160K) — the cash actually deposited at incorporation. The IDR 10 billion+ figure many sources still cite is the total investment commitment per KBLI, realised over time via your LKPM reports.
What we need from you- Powers of attorney (we prepare; you sign and notarize)
- Director / commissioner appointment letters
- Initial capital deposit confirmation
- 3
We obtain your NIB
1–2 business daysWe file the OSS application with KBLI 51102 as your primary business activity, complete the risk-based assessment, and collect the NIB (Business Identification Number) for you — typically within hours of submission. You don't need to touch the OSS portal.
What we need from you- Office address (virtual office acceptable for many KBLIs; we can arrange one)
- 4
Secure your Standard Certificate (Verified)
7+ business daysNIB is issued for the preparation stage. To begin commercial operations, the operator must obtain a Sertifikat Standar that has been verified by the competent ministry. The verification step typically requires a site or document inspection. Operating with NIB alone is not legally compliant. We prepare the application bundle, liaise with the competent ministry, and chase issuance through to the certificate. Statutory turnaround: 7 business days — real-world timing typically runs longer when site inspections or additional clarifications are requested.
What we need from you- Technical documentation specific to your operation
- Appointment of a Penanggung Jawab Teknis (PJT — technical responsible person)
- 5
Hand-off to ongoing compliance
OngoingPost-launch we run your monthly tax filings, quarterly LKPM (Investment Activity Reports), annual general meeting (RUPS), and any sector-specific reporting. You get a single point of contact and a monthly compliance digest — no Indonesian-language paperwork on your desk.
What is KBLI 51102?
A plain-English explanation of this classification and the businesses it covers.
KBLI 51102 (Non-Scheduled Domestic Commercial Air Transport for Passengers or Passengers and Cargo) is the 5-digit Indonesian Standard Industrial Classification code for domestic non-scheduled air transport for passengers or passengers and cargo. It sits within Transportation and Warehousing under the subgroup Air Passenger Transport in the official KBLI 2020 taxonomy maintained by Statistics Indonesia (BPS).
Who needs KBLI 51102?
Any Indonesian or foreign-owned entity that intends to operate in domestic non-scheduled air transport for passengers or passengers and cargo as a primary or secondary business activity must select this code on its NIB (Business Identification Number). The selected code determines the licensing instruments required, the issuing authority, and the ongoing compliance obligations.
Why does the code matter?
Indonesia's OSS Risk-Based Approach uses the KBLI code to determine three things: (1) whether foreign investment is permitted and at what cap, (2) the risk-based licensing instruments required, and (3) the authority that issues each instrument. Choosing the wrong code can delay or invalidate your license.
Transportation & Warehousing-specific guidance
Sector context that applies to KBLI 51102 beyond the generic OSS process. Verify with the relevant ministry before committing capital.
- ·Cabotage rules: domestic shipping reserved for Indonesian-flagged vessels.
- ·Aviation operations require Air Operator Certificate (AOC) and aircraft registration.
Under the upcoming KBLI 2025
Indonesia's BPS published the new KBLI 2025 taxonomy in early 2025. OSS, BKPM and the operating ministries have not yet adopted it — KBLI 2020 remains the active standard for business registration. This is what's coming for this specific code.
Carried forward into KBLI 2025
KBLI 51102 retains the same code number and scope in the new taxonomy. The activity description, hierarchy, and intended use of the code are preserved.
- ·Continue using 51102 for current registrations under KBLI 2020.
- ·When OSS adopts KBLI 2025 (timing not yet announced), no migration is required for this code.
- ·Risk level, permits, and authority routing shown above remain in effect under both taxonomies.
When OSS adopts KBLI 2025, we'll migrate your existing entity to the appropriate successor code as part of ongoing compliance — no action needed on your end now.
Talk to a specialistRisk level by business scale
Indonesia's OSS Risk-Based Approach assigns a separate risk level for each of the four business scales. The licensing instruments required (NIB, Standard Certificate, Operating License) are determined by the risk level. Foreign-owned entities (PT PMA) must register at the Large scale, so the rightmost column applies to most foreign investors.
Micro
Small
Medium
Large
PMA scaleWhat does each risk level require to operate? ›
Licensing requirements in detail
Specific permits, application requirements and ongoing obligations vary by business scale and the sub-activity within this KBLI. We file these on your behalf — this section is for transparency on what we'll be handling. Switch between scales below; by default we show Large (the PMA scale).
Application requirements
5Documents and capabilities you must demonstrate at registration
- 01A business plan document for a minimum period of 5 years ahead must at least include:
- 02Type and number of aircraft to be operated (characteristics and specifications of the aircraft, acquisition method, number of aircraft needed, utilization of the aircraft)
- 03Plan for the central aviation operation base and plan for the regional aviation operation.
- 04Plan for human resource needs consisting of management, technicians, and aircraft personnel.
- 05Economic and financial aspects
Ongoing obligations
8Compliance and reporting duties throughout operation
- 01Conduct air transportation activities within a maximum of 12 (twelve) months from the issuance of the business license by operating a minimum number of aircraft owned and controlled in accordance with the scope of the business or activity.
- 02Possess at least 1 (one) aircraft unit and other aircraft in the form of ownership with types that support the continuity of flight operations according to the served operational area.
- 03Comply with mandatory transport regulations, civil aviation, and other provisions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
- 04Close liability insurance for the carrier with a coverage value equal to the compensation for passengers and cargo of commercial air transport, evidenced by an insurance closure agreement.
- 05Serve prospective passengers fairly without discrimination based on ethnicity, religion, race, inter-group relations, and economic and social status.
- 06Menyerahkan laporan kegiatan angkutan udara setiap bulan paling lambat tanggal 10 (sepuluh) bulan berikutnya kepada menteri
- 07Submit audited financial performance reports by a registered public accounting firm, which at a minimum include the balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement, and cost details, annually by the end of April of the following year to the Minister.
- 08Report any changes in the person responsible or the owner of the commercial air transport business, the domicile of the commercial air transport business, and the ownership of aircraft to the Minister.
Issuing authority
The authority that issues the license depends on your situation. Foreign investors typically fall under Minister/Head of Agency · PMA.
| Authority | Applies when |
|---|---|
| Menteri/Kepala Badan | The operational scope is national and/or international. |
| Menteri/Kepala Badan | PMA |
Basic requirements (KKPR)
Class-level prerequisites that apply to every operator under this KBLI, independent of business scale. These commonly include minimum capital rules for PMA entities and spatial-planning (KKPR) conformance.
- 01
All Business Fields within the Scope of KBLI"s Activities are open to a maximum of 49% foreign capital and national capital owners must remain larger than all foreign investors (single majority), as stipulated in the Regulation President No. 49 of 2021 concerning Amendments to Presidential Regulation No. 10 of 2021 concerning the Investment Business Sector.
Get your KBLI 51102 setup handled end-to-end.
Emerhub is a corporate-services provider in Indonesia. We handle PT PMA incorporation, licensing, tax registration, and monthly compliance — so you can focus on operating the business.
Get a quote for KBLI 51102